Latest published research we're tracking.

A longitudinal study on the correlation between faecal urease activity and incidence of nappy rash in infants.

Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026

<h4>Introduction</h4>Nappy (diaper) rash is a common skin condition experienced by most infants at least once during the first 2 years of life. Despite its prevalence, there is some debate over its pathogenesis. The objective of this study was to investigate whether a correlation exists between urease activity in infant faeces and the observed incidence of nappy rash (diaper dermatitis). This was… Read on PubMed →

Maternal Allergy to Fluconazole-An Unusual Presentation: Case Report in a Breastfeeding Mother.

Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026

<b>Background:</b> Allergy to fluconazole is uncommon and even more so in lactating women receiving treatment as part of treatment for neonatal oral thrush. <b>Methods:</b> We report a case of a rare and unexpected adverse reaction occurring after a single dose of fluconazole (Diflucan), administered to a mother of an exclusively breastfed neonate with oral thrush, as per guideline… Read on PubMed →

A case of neonatal Langerhans cell histiocytosis initially presenting with haemorrhagic vesicles: a case report and literature review.

BMC pediatrics · 2026

<h4>Background</h4>Neonatal Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) presenting with haemorrhagic vesicles as the initial manifestation is exceedingly rare.<h4>Case presentation</h4>A neonate with generalized hemorrhagic vesicles and partial erosion/crusting at birth, The initial differential diagnosis included infections such as syphilis, toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex… Read on PubMed →

Evaluation of the Effect of Clobetasol Propionate on Circulating Cortisol and Growth Velocity in Children with Atopic Dermatitis: A Modelling and Simulation Study.

Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026

<p>Introduction: Children with atopic dermatitis (AD) appear to have higher skin permeation, which may increase the risk of systemic adverse events following administration of potent topical corticosteroids, such as clobetasol propionate (CP). However, the assessment of dermal absorption in a controlled clinical trial in children is not feasible. Using model-based approaches, this study aimed to… Read on PubMed →

Proteomic and experimental analyses reveal molecular signatures of flexural atopic dermatitis in antecubital and popliteal fossae and the therapeutic effect of Aida lotion.

Frontiers in immunology · 2026

<h4>Introduction</h4>The mechanisms underlying the predilection of atopic dermatitis for the antecubital and popliteal fossae remain unexplored. This preliminary exploratory study aimed to characterize the proteomic features of typical flexural atopic dermatitis lesions using proteomics integrated with animal model validation and to clarify the therapeutic mechanisms of Aida… Read on PubMed →

Can topical coconut oil reduce late-onset sepsis in extremely preterm infants? A pragmatic cluster-randomised controlled trial protocol.

BMJ open · 2026

<h4>Introduction</h4>Infants born before 28 weeks' gestation account for approximately 75% of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Late-onset sepsis (LOS) affects around 25% of these infants and is associated with an increased risk of adverse long-term outcomes. The topical application of coconut oil has been used for centuries in newborn care. Coconut oil is rich in saturated fatty acids, several of… Read on PubMed →

Incontinence-associated dermatitis: Not just babies.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2026

Irritant diaper dermatitis (IDD) is frequently observed in young children but can affect individuals throughout their lifespan. The broader term incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) is used to describe inflammatory skin reactions from prolonged exposure to urine and/or feces. This review compares IAD and IDD in pediatric and geriatric populations, focusing on their pathogenesis, clinical… Read on PubMed →

Pityriasis Lichenoides et Varioliformis Acuta: A Case of Iatrogenic Cushing's Syndrome Induced by Topical Corticosteroids.

Cureus · 2026

The use of topical corticosteroids plays a central role in the management of inflammatory skin disorders in dermatology, owing to their cost-effectiveness and early symptom resolution. However, inappropriate or prolonged use, particularly of high-potency agents, may lead to local and systemic adverse effects, including the suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Although systemic… Read on PubMed →

The use of detergents, moisturizers and the experience with therapeutic education among Italian pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis.

Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026

BACKGROUND: Daily skin care using appropriate detergents and moisturizers is essential in the management of pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD). Despite guideline recommendations, real-life adherence and caregiver practices vary widely. Therapeutic education is considered a key tool to improve awareness and optimize disease management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of detergents… Read on PubMed →

Harlequin Ichthyosis in Resource Limited Environments: Practical Strategies to Improve Neonatal Survival.

Pediatric dermatology · 2026

Harlequin ichthyosis is a rare and life-threatening congenital disorder with high neonatal mortality, particularly in settings lacking specialized neonatal intensive care. We report a preterm newborn managed in a rural hospital without modern incubators, continuous monitoring, systemic retinoids at birth, or specialized personnel. Survival was achieved through pragmatic, low-cost interventions… Read on PubMed →

Nevirapine-induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome in an HIV-exposed neonate: A case report.

IDCases · 2026

A term male infant developed a blistering muco-cutaneous rash in the second week of life following postnatal HIV prophylaxis with nevirapine (NVP). Clinical findings were consistent with Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Following NVP discontinuation, the infant made a full recovery. This first reported neonatal case of nevirapine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome highlights the need for vigilance, early… Read on PubMed →

Clinical Effectiveness of Barrier Preparations in the Management of Diaper Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cureus · 2026

The inflammatory skin condition known as diaper dermatitis (DD) often affects infants and preschoolers. Barrier preparations are commonly used in their management, but their effectiveness remains unclear. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the extent to which barrier preparations reduce DD compared to a placebo or other therapies. To gather relevant information, we conducted electronic… Read on PubMed →

Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Keratitis: Bitter Lessons from a Case Report.

Clinical case reports · 2026

Neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is an uncommon but potentially devastating condition. Ocular involvement, particularly herpetic keratitis, can cause significant morbidity if not promptly recognized and treated. We present a case of isolated HSV-1 keratitis in a 25-day-old neonate successfully managed with intravenous acyclovir; however, the patient subsequently developed HSV… Read on PubMed →

Early Risk Assessment and Recognition of Allergies in Children: Rationale, Methodology, and Proposed Algorithms.

Allergy · 2026

<h4>Background</h4>Atopic diseases-including atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy (FA), allergic rhinitis (AR), and asthma-are the most common chronic conditions in childhood and adolescence, affecting up to 30% of the global population. In Germany alone, more than 2.1 million children and adolescents are affected. These conditions frequently coexist and share common genetic, environmental… Read on PubMed →

Advanced maternal age and childhood allergy: marker or mechanism?

Frontiers in allergy · 2026

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards Atopic Dermatitis Among Parents of Children with Atopic Dermatitis: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Journal of asthma and allergy · 2026

<h4>Background</h4>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease in childhood that imposes substantial physical and psychosocial burdens on children and their families. However, limited evidence is available regarding parents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward AD management. This study aimed to investigate the KAP towards AD among parents of children with… Read on PubMed →

Clinical Measurement of Transepidermal Water Loss.

Advances in wound care · 2026

<h4>Significance</h4>Recent reports recognize transepidermal water loss (TEWL) as a critical objective parameter measuring clinical wound healing endpoint. At the site of wound repair, TEWL measures functional wound closure as marked by re-establishment of barrier function at the wound site. This review article addresses recent developments in clinical TEWL measurement in the context of human skin… Read on PubMed →

Past, Present, and Future of Sodium Hypochlorite in Dermatology: A Scoping Review.

American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026

<h4>Background</h4>For over a century, dilute sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), historically recognized as the antiseptic component of bleach, has been well established in wound care, primarily owing to its broad antimicrobial activity and ability to penetrate soft tissue and necrotic debris. NaOCl has been increasingly utilized and studied in clinical dermatology owing to its broad ranging… Read on PubMed →

Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Treating Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis in Infants with Polyvalent Allergic Sensitisation.

Journal of mother and child · 2026

The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of a comprehensive treatment approach in infants with moderate-to-severe eczema complicated by polyvalent allergic sensitisation. The methodology involved a randomised controlled trial that included 87 children aged 3 to 12 months. Participants were divided into two groups. The experimental group received combined therapy comprising… Read on PubMed →

Neonatal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations are associated with the development of atopic dermatitis.

Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2026

<h4>Background</h4>Perinatal phthalate exposure has been suggested as a potential cause of atopic dermatitis (AD).<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate whether neonatal urinary phthalate levels may serve as predictors of AD development and to explore mechanisms involving immune activation and skin barrier impairment.<h4>Methods</h4>Urinary phthalate metabolites collected within 48 hours of birth were… Read on PubMed →