Yes — they're chemically compatible; introduce slowly if your skin is sensitive.
Tolerability, not deactivation — both are independently irritating, so stacking them the same night compounds redness, dryness and peeling; the "acids lower pH and inactivate retinol" claim is weak because skin re-buffers surface pH quickly. In practice that usually means alternating nights between the retinoid and the salicylic acid rather than layering both in one session.